{"id":10439,"date":"2017-01-01T01:51:12","date_gmt":"2017-01-01T01:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"\"face\r\n\r\nIndividuals with post-traumatic stress disorder relive p"},"modified":"2017-01-12T20:26:47","modified_gmt":"2017-01-12T20:26:47","slug":"breaking-prison-walls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/magazines.uthscsa.edu\/mission-old\/breaking-prison-walls\/","title":{"rendered":"Breaking down the prison walls"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"face<\/p>\n

Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder relive past traumas again and again, bound in a virtual prison of their memories.<\/p>\n

Researchers in the School of Medicine<\/a> now report a biological mechanism that might explain why these individuals are less able to extinguish the fear of past dangers.<\/p>\n

The new research centers on the hormone adiponectin, which is secreted by fat cells called adipocytes. The scientists studied a mouse model of PTSD.<\/p>\n

These mice were trained to associate a setting, such as a box, with a mild unpleasant stimulus. As expected, they showed a fear response when re-exposed to the setting.<\/p>\n

Mice deficient for adiponectin and its receptor formed fearful memories just like healthy mice, but when placed again in the same setting minus the unpleasant stimulus, were slower to let go of the fear.<\/p>\n

Injecting adiponectin prior to this training prompted faster learning to overcome fear, the measurements showed.<\/p>\n

\u201cOnce the threat is no longer there, the fear should go away, but in PTSD it keeps flashing back,\u201d said study senior author Xin-Yun Lu<\/a>, M.D., Ph.D., professor of pharmacology and a member of the Barshop Institute for Aging and Longevity Studies<\/a>. \u201cIn the PTSD animal model, the circulating adiponectin is low, data suggest. If the genes encoding adiponectin and its receptor are disrupted, the mice extinguish fear responses much slower. If adiponectin levels are elevated in the brain, the mice get extinction faster.\u201d<\/p>\n

Adiponectin impairment is implicated in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The new research, published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry<\/i>, shows the hormone has a role beyond its metabolic control, Dr. Lu said.<\/p>\n

\u201cTo date, medication treatments for PTSD have been of limited benefit,\u201d said Alan L. Peterson<\/a>, Ph.D., ABPP, professor of psychiatry and director of the STRONG STAR Consortium and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD. \u201cDr. Xin-Yun Lu\u2019s work holds significant promise for the development of new, more effective medication treatments for PTSD.\u201d<\/p>\n

UT Health San Antonio has filed for patent protection on the finding because it may eventually lead to a drug to treat PTSD, which affects an estimated 8 percent of the civilian population and up to 15 percent of U.S. active-duty and retired service personnel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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